In China's channel steel grade standards, channel steel is usually divided into C-shaped channel steel and U-shaped channel steel according to its (channel steel) cross-sectional shape. Although the applications and manufacturing materials of the two may be similar, they differ in cross-sectional shape, mechanical properties and applicable scenarios.
| | Specification(mm) | | | Theory Weight (kg/m) |
| Size | h | b | d | |
| 5# | 50 | 37 | 4.5 | 5.438 |
| 6.3# | 63 | 40 | 4.8 | 6.634 |
| 8# | 80 | 43 | 5 | 8.045 |
| 10# | 100 | 48 | 5.3 | 10.007 |
| 12# | 120 | 53 | 5.5 | 12.059 |
| 12.6# | 126 | 53 | 5.5 | 12.319 |
| 14#a | 140 | 58 | 6 | 14.535 |
| 14#b | 140 | 60 | 8 | 16.733 |
| 16#a | 160 | 63 | 6.5 | 17.24 |
| 16#b | 160 | 65 | 8.5 | 19.752 |
| 18#a | 180 | 68 | 7 | 20.174 |
| 18#b | 180 | 70 | 9 | 23 |
| 20#a | 200 | 73 | 7 | 22.637 |
| 20#b | 200 | 73 | 7 | 22.637 |
| 22#a | 220 | 77 | 7 | 24.999 |
| 22#b | 220 | 79 | 9 | 28.453 |
| 25#a | 250 | 80 | 7 | 27.41 |
| 28#a | 280 | 82 | 7.5 | 31.427 |
| 28#b | 280 | 84 | 9.5 | 35.832 |
| 30#a | 300 | 85 | 7.5 | 34.463 |
| 30#b | 300 | 87 | 9.5 | 39.173 |
| 32#a | 320 | 88 | 8 | 38.083 |
| 32#b | 320 | 90 | 10 | 43.107 |
| 36#a | 360 | 96 | 9 | 47.814 |
| 36#b | 360 | 98 | 11 | 53.466 |
| 40#a | 400 | 100 | 10 | 58.928 |
| 40#b | 400 | 102 | 12.5 | 65.208 |
1. C-channel and U-channel cross-sectional shapes
(1) First, C-channel: The cross-sectional shape of C-channel looks a bit like the English letter "C", and the flanges and web of the channel form a symmetrical opening shape. The steel flanges of C-channel are generally parallel, and usually the inner surface of the flange is not tilted or only slightly tilted.
(2) Next is U-channel: The cross-sectional shape of U-channel looks like the English letter "U". Compared with C-channel, the flange of U-channel usually shows a slight inward tilt in the cross section, making the entire cross section closer to "U".
2. Mechanical properties of different channel shapes
(1) C-shaped channel: Due to the symmetrical cross-section design of C-shaped channel, C-shaped channel has good bending and torsion resistance when subjected to stress, and is suitable for use in structures that require high strength and rigidity.
(2) U-shaped channel: The inclined flange design of U-shaped channel enables it to exhibit good shear resistance when subjected to large pressure, especially when subjected to lateral load, the stability of U-shaped channel is better.
3. Application scenarios of C-shaped and U-shaped channels
(1) C-shaped channels: This type of channel is usually used for structural component supports, steel frame components, beams and columns in building structures, and load-bearing parts in mechanical equipment. C-shaped channels are easier to connect and weld due to its parallel flange design, and are widely used in the construction and industrial fields.
(2) U-shaped channels: Commonly used in structures that require greater lateral support, such as bridges, vehicle frames, and ship structures. The cross-section of U-shaped channels makes them more suitable for bearing complex load conditions, especially in situations where high strength is required.
4. Selection basis
C-shaped channel steel: suitable for projects that require simple, standardized structural components, such as building frames, door frames, brackets, etc.
U-shaped channel steel: suitable for projects that require higher lateral support and shear resistance, such as bridges, mechanical equipment frames, heavy structures, etc.
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